Volume 10, Issue 1 (March 2023)
Health Spiritual Med Ethics 2023, 10(1): 1-10 |
Back to browse issues page
Download citation:
BibTeX | RIS | EndNote | Medlars | ProCite | Reference Manager | RefWorks
Send citation to:
BibTeX | RIS | EndNote | Medlars | ProCite | Reference Manager | RefWorks
Send citation to:
Karami A, Shahmohammadi M. Investigating the Psychometric Properties of the Iranian-Islamic Spiritual Well-being Questionnaire. Health Spiritual Med Ethics 2023; 10 (1) :1-10
URL: http://jhsme.muq.ac.ir/article-1-522-en.html
URL: http://jhsme.muq.ac.ir/article-1-522-en.html
1- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Counseling, Hekmat Razavi Institute of Higher Education, Mashhad, Iran, Hekmat Razavi Institute of Higher Education, Mashhad, Iran. , karamiamir70@gmail.com
2- Department of Knowledge Management, Faculty of Strategic Knowledge Management, Supreme National Defense University, Tehran, Iran., Supreme National Defense University
2- Department of Knowledge Management, Faculty of Strategic Knowledge Management, Supreme National Defense University, Tehran, Iran., Supreme National Defense University
Abstract: (514 Views)
Background and Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the psychometric properties of the Iranian-Islamic spiritual well-being questionnaire (SWBQ), which involves 22 items adapted to the Iranian cultural context.
Methods: The current study was descriptive-analytical. After designing the questions according to the Iranian-Islamic culture based on the literature review, the content validity was examined by experts (five people with a PhD in psychology), and the content validity index (CVI) and content validity ratio (CVR) indices were used to check the quantitative content validity. To check the face validity, ten people aged 18 to 60 were used as a sample. Also, exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis was used to check construct validity, and Cronbach’s α, test re-test, and Spearman-Brown and Guttman split-half coefficients were used to check reliability. In examining the construct validity and reliability of the questionnaire, 400 adults aged 18 to 60 years were selected and assessed as a sample from Mashhad City in 2021 by available sampling.
Results: The CVR for five experts was obtained to be >0.99, and the CVI for 22 terms of the questionnaire was obtained ≥0.79, which is in the desired range. The exploratory factor analysis identified six factors, which together explained 77.25% of the total variance. The results obtained from the confirmatory factor analysis supported the proposed model. The Cronbach’s α coefficient of the Iranian-Islamic SWBQ and its factors was obtained from 0.77 to 0.91. In the split-half method, Spearman-Brown and Guttman correlation coefficients were 0.88 and 0.87, respectively. The test re-test reliability coefficients of the total score of the questionnaire and subscales were between 0.78 and 0.83.
Conclusion: It can be concluded that the Iranian-Islamic SWBQ has favorable psychometric properties.
Methods: The current study was descriptive-analytical. After designing the questions according to the Iranian-Islamic culture based on the literature review, the content validity was examined by experts (five people with a PhD in psychology), and the content validity index (CVI) and content validity ratio (CVR) indices were used to check the quantitative content validity. To check the face validity, ten people aged 18 to 60 were used as a sample. Also, exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis was used to check construct validity, and Cronbach’s α, test re-test, and Spearman-Brown and Guttman split-half coefficients were used to check reliability. In examining the construct validity and reliability of the questionnaire, 400 adults aged 18 to 60 years were selected and assessed as a sample from Mashhad City in 2021 by available sampling.
Results: The CVR for five experts was obtained to be >0.99, and the CVI for 22 terms of the questionnaire was obtained ≥0.79, which is in the desired range. The exploratory factor analysis identified six factors, which together explained 77.25% of the total variance. The results obtained from the confirmatory factor analysis supported the proposed model. The Cronbach’s α coefficient of the Iranian-Islamic SWBQ and its factors was obtained from 0.77 to 0.91. In the split-half method, Spearman-Brown and Guttman correlation coefficients were 0.88 and 0.87, respectively. The test re-test reliability coefficients of the total score of the questionnaire and subscales were between 0.78 and 0.83.
Conclusion: It can be concluded that the Iranian-Islamic SWBQ has favorable psychometric properties.
Keywords: Spirituality, Psychological well-being, Surveys and questionnaires, Psychometrics, Social validity, Research
Type of Study: Original Article |
Subject:
Special
Received: 2023/03/27 | Accepted: 2023/07/31 | Published: 2023/08/1
Received: 2023/03/27 | Accepted: 2023/07/31 | Published: 2023/08/1
References
1. Asadi F. [Spiritual health of Quran and Hadith (Persian)] [ MSc thesis]. Tehran: Farhangian University; 2017. [Link]
2. Tabarraei R. [Investigating the place of "spirituality" in major patterns of mental health (Persian)]. Ravanshenasi Va Din. 2010; 3(1):5-29. [Link]
3. Omidvari S. [Spiritual health; concepts and challenges (Persian)]. Interdiscip Quranic Stud. 2009; 1(1):1-15. [Link]
4. Martínez BB, Custódio RP. Relationship between mental health and spiritual wellbeing among hemodialysis patients: A correlation study. Sao Paulo Med J. 2014; 132(1):23-7. [DOI:10.1590/1516-3180.2014.1321606] [PMID] [DOI:10.1590/1516-3180.2014.1321606]
5. Lanfredi M, Candini V, Buizza C, Ferrari C, Boero ME, Giobbio GM, et al. The effect of service satisfaction and spiritual well-being on the quality of life of patients with schizophrenia. Psychiatry Res. 2014; 216(2):185-91. [DOI:10.1016/j.psychres.2014.01.045] [PMID] [DOI:10.1016/j.psychres.2014.01.045]
6. Koenig HG. Religion, spirituality, and health: The research and clinical implications. ISRN Psychiatry. 2012; 2012:278730. [DOI:10.5402/2012/278730] [PMID] [DOI:10.5402/2012/278730]
7. Alvandi MJ. [Designing a conceptual model of spirituality from the perspective of Imam Khomeini (RA) according to his spiritual advice to those involved in the holy defense (Persian)]. Basij Strateg Stud. 2014; 17(63):5-25. [Link]
8. Javanonline. [Payamavaran nashr rooz (Persian)] [Internet]. 2019 [Updated 2019 Nov 29]. Available from: [Link]
9. Paloutzian RF, Ellison CW. Loneliness, spiritual well-being, and quality of life. In: Peplau LA, Perlman D, editors. Loneliness: A sourcebook for current theory, research, and therapy. New York: John Wiley & Sons; 1982. [Link]
10. Gomez R, Fisher JW. Domains of spiritual well-being and development and validation of the Spiritual Well-Being Questionnaire. Pers Individ Dif. 2003; 35(8):1975-91. [DOI:10.1016/S0191-8869(03)00045-X] [DOI:10.1016/S0191-8869(03)00045-X]
11. Kaplan RM, Saccuzzo DP. Psychological testing: Principles, applications and issues. Belmont: Wadsworth/Thomson Learning; 2001. [Link]
12. Lawshe CH. A quantitative approach to content validity. Pers Psychol. 1975; 28(4):563-75. [DOI:10.1111/j.1744-6570.1975.tb01393.x] [DOI:10.1111/j.1744-6570.1975.tb01393.x]
13. Waltz CF, Bausell RB. Nursing research: Design, statistics, and computer analysis. Philadelphia: F.A. Davis Company; 1981. [Link]
14. Polit DF, Beck CT, Owen SV. Is the CVI an acceptable indicator of content validity? Appraisal and recommendations. Res Nurs Health. 2007; 30(4):459-67. [DOI:10.1002/nur.20199] [PMID] [DOI:10.1002/nur.20199]
15. Hyrkäs K, Appelqvist-Schmidlechner K, Oksa L. Validating an instrument for clinical supervision using an expert panel. Int J Nurs Stud. 2003; 40(6):619-25. [DOI:10.1016/S0020-7489(03)00036-1] [PMID] [DOI:10.1016/S0020-7489(03)00036-1]
16. Hu LT, Bentler PM. Cutoff criteria for fit indexes in covariance structure analysis: Conventional criteria versus new alternatives. Struct Equ Modeling. 1999; 6(1):1-55. [DOI:10.1080/10705519909540118] [DOI:10.1080/10705519909540118]
17. Ghasemi V. [Modeling structural equations in social research using Amos Graphics (Persian)]. Tehran: Jameeshenasan; 2013. [Link]
18. Ghobari Bonab B, GholamAli Lavasani M, Mohammadi MR. [Development of the Spirituality Scale (Persian)]. Journal of Psychology. 2005; 9(3):261-78. [Link]
19. McSherry W, Draper P, Kendrick D. The construct validity of a rating scale designed to assess spirituality and spiritual care. Int J Nurs Stud. 2002; 39(7):723-34. [DOI:10.1016/S0020-7489(02)00014-7] [PMID] [DOI:10.1016/S0020-7489(02)00014-7]
20. Dehshiri GR, Najafi M, Sohrabi F, Taraghijah S. [Development and validation of the Spiritual Well-being Questionnaire among university students (Persian)]. J Psychol Stud. 2013; 9(4):73-98. [Link]
Send email to the article author
| Rights and permissions | |
 |
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. |
Owned by Qom University of Medical Sciences
Published by Qom University of Medical Sciences Press
eISSN: 2383-3610
pISSN: 2322-4304
Email: j.hsme[at]muq.ac.ir
spirituality14[at]gmail.com
