Volume 7, Issue 4 (December 2020)                   Health Spiritual Med Ethics 2020, 7(4): 41-49 | Back to browse issues page


XML Persian Abstract Print


Download citation:
BibTeX | RIS | EndNote | Medlars | ProCite | Reference Manager | RefWorks
Send citation to:

Rezaei S M, Mosavinezhad S M, Ansari B. The Role of Spiritual Experiences in Feeling of Failure and Infertility Stress among Infertile Women. Health Spiritual Med Ethics 2020; 7 (4) :41-49
URL: http://jhsme.muq.ac.ir/article-1-400-en.html
1- MA Clinical Psychology, Department of Psychology, Ferdows Branch, Ferdows Azad University, Ferdows, Iran., 1 ک
2- PhD Psychology, Department of Psychology, Ferdows Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ferdows, Iran., Ferdows Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ferdows, Iran. , SM.mosavinezhad.97@gmail.com
3- Assistant Professor of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Gynecology, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran.
Abstract:   (2514 Views)
Background and Objectives: Although infertility is a multifaceted problem and leads to various psychological problems in infertile women, issues such as religious and spiritual dimensions of infertility have not received much attention despite the growth of literature focusing on the medical, psychological, social, and cultural consequences of infertility. Therefore, this study was conducted to investigate the role of spiritual experiences in the feeling of failure and infertility stress in infertile women living in Birjand, Iran.
Methods: This descriptive-correlational study was conducted on all infertile women referring to Royesh Infertility Center, Birjand, in the spring of 2020.  The subjects of this study (n=120) were selected using convenience sampling and completed the questionnaires of the Infertility Stress Scale, Defeat Scale, and Spiritual Experience Scale. The inclusion criteria were being diagnosed with infertility based on medical records, aging from 25-45 years, having the minimum literacy level, having an infertility period of one year or more, and being willing to enter the study. On the other hand, the exclusion criteria were the non-cooperation of the participants and the incompleteness of the questionnaires. The collected data were analyzed in SPSS software (version 22) using mean and standard deviation for descriptive statistics and Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple regression analysis for inferential statistics.
Results: Based on the findings, spiritual experiences had a significant inverse relationship with feelings of failure and infertility stress (P-value<0.001). Moreover, the variable of spiritual experiences could explain 53.3% and 47% of the variances of failure and stress of infertility, respectively (P-value<0.001).
Conclusion: The results showed that an increase in spiritual experiences would lead to a decrease in the feelings of failure and stress of infertility. Consequently, it can be said that spiritual experiences are a kind of adaptation and problem-solving strategies that result in the achievement of harmony, internal and external integration, and resolving life crises.
Full-Text [PDF 608 kb]   (866 Downloads) |   |   Full-Text (HTML)  (1247 Views)  
Type of Study: Original Article | Subject: General
Received: 2020/09/13 | Accepted: 2020/12/29 | Published: 2020/12/30

References
1. Eftari S, Mohsenzadeh F, Zahrakar K. Woman's coping strategies dealing with infertility stress: a phenomenological approach. Woman Fam Stud 2019; 7(2):9-30. DOI: 10.22051/JWFS.2020.9719.1139
2. Direkvand Moghadam A, Delpisheh A, Sayehmiri K. The prevalence of infertility in Iran, a systematic review. Iran J Obstet Gynecol Infertil 2013;16(81):1-7. (In Persian) Link [DOI:10.1155/2013/291029]
3. Agarwal A, Mulgund A, Hamada A, Chyatte MR. A unique view on male infertility around the globe. Reprod Biol Endocrinol 2015; 13(1):13-7. DOI: 10.1186/s12958-015-0032-1 [DOI:10.1186/s12958-015-0032-1]
4. Gana K, Jakubowska S. Relationship between infertility-related stress and emotional distress and marital satisfaction. J Health Psychol 2016;21(6):1043-54. DOI: 10.1177/135 [DOI:10.1177/1359105314544990]
5. 9105314544990
6. Li Y, Zhang X, Shi M, Guo S, Wang L. Resilience acts as a moderator in the relationship between infertility-related stress and fertility quality of life among women with infertility: a cross-sectional study. Health Qual Life Outcomes 2019; 17(1):38. DOI: 10.1186/s12955-019-1099-8 [DOI:10.1186/s12955-019-1099-8]
7. Patel A, Sharma P, Kumar P, Binu V. Sociocultural determinants of infertility stress in patients undergoing fertility treatments. J Hum Reprod Sci 2018;11(2):172-9. DOI: 10.4103/jhrs.JHRS_134_17 [DOI:10.4103/jhrs.JHRS_134_17]
8. Sami N, Ali TS, Wasim S, Saleem S. Risk factors for secondary infertility among women in Karachi, Pakistan. PloS One 2012; 7(4):e35828. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0035828 [DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0035828]
9. Dyer SJ, Patel M. The economic impact of infertility on women in developing countries a systematic review. Facts Views Vis Obgyn 2012; 4(2):102-9. Link
10. Selten JP, van der Ven E, Rutten BP, Cantor-Graae E. The social defeat hypothesis of schizophrenia: an update. Schizophr Bull 2013; 39(6):1180-6. DOI: 10.1093/schbul/sbt134 [DOI:10.1093/schbul/sbt134]
11. Tarsafi M, Kalantar Kousheh SM, Lester D. Exploratory factor analysis of the defeat scale and its relationship with depression and hopelessness among Iranian University Students. Clin Psychol Stud 2015; 5(19):81-98. (In Persian) Link
12. Yari T, Ghorbani B, Alamin S. Infertility and lack of sense of security in marital life. Entezam Ejtemaei 2019; 11(3):67-92. (In Persian) Link
13. Salehi B, Asghari Ebrahim Abad MJ. Investigating the impact of the role and dimensions of religion and distress tolerance in predicting the psychological safety of infertile women. Womens Stud Sociol Psychol 2019; 17(1):165-92. DOI: 10.22051/JWSPS.2019.15782.1488
14. Dalmida SG, Holstad MM, Dilorio C, Laderman G. The meaning and use of spirituality among African American women living with HIV/AIDS. West J Nurs Res 2012; 34(6):736-65. DOI: 10.1177/0193945912443740 [DOI:10.1177/0193945912443740]
15. Kometer M, Pokorny T, Seifritz E, Volleinweider FX. Psilocybin-induced spiritual experiences and insightfulness are associated with synchronization of neuronal oscillations. Psychopharmacol 2015; 232(19):3663-76. DOI: 10.1007/ [DOI:10.1007/s00213-015-4026-7]
16. s00213-015-4026-7
17. Hojjati H, Sarbani A, Alimmohammadzadeh K. The relationship between daily spiritual experiences and perceived stress in the spouses of war veterans with post-traumatic stress. J Mil Med 2017; 19(2):135-42. (In Persian) Link
18. Fatehizadeh MS, Badiee D. The relationship of spirituality experience with coping strategies with stress among students of Razi University. J Islam Perspect Educ Sci 2017; 4(7):139-56. (In Persian) Link
19. Casu G, Ulivi G, Zaia V, Fernandes Martins MC, Parente Barbosa C, Gremigni P. Spirituality, infertility‐related stress, and quality of life in Brazilian infertile couples: Analysis using the actor‐partner interdependence mediation model. Res Nurs Health 2018;41(2):156-65. DOI: 10.1002/nur.21860 [DOI:10.1002/nur.21860]
20. Adineh Salarvand R, Rezaei Jamalouei H. Gratitude to God and spiritual intelligence affecting the increase of frustration tolerance for Iranian students. Islam Health J 2020; 5(1):27-34. (In Persian) Link
21. Latifnejad Roudsari R, Allan HT, Smith PA. Iranian and English women's use of religion and spirituality as resources for coping with infertility. Hum Fertil 2014; 17(2):114-23. Link [DOI:10.3109/14647273.2014.909610]
22. Roudsari RL, Allan HT, Smith PA. Looking at infertility through the lens of religion and spirituality: a review of the literature. Hum Fertil 2007; 10(3):141-9. DOI: 10.1080/14647270601182677 [DOI:10.1080/14647270601182677]
23. Hasanpoor-Azghdy SB, Simbar M, Vedadhir A. The emotional-psychological consequences of infertility among infertile women seeking treatment: results of a qualitative study. Iran J Reprod Med 2014; 12(2):131-8. Link
24. VanderWeele TJ, Balboni TA, Koh HK. Health and spirituality. JAMA 2017; 318(6):519-20. DOI: 10.1001/ [DOI:10.1001/jama.2017.8136]
25. jama.2017.8136
26. Delavar A. Research methodology in psychology and education. Tehran: Virayesh Publication Institute; 2015. (In Persian) Link
27. Newton CR, Sherrard W, Glavac I. The fertility problem inventory: measuring perceived infertility-related stress. Fertil Steril 1999; 72(1):54-62. DOI: 10.1016/s0015-0282(99)00164-8 [DOI:10.1016/S0015-0282(99)00164-8]
28. Alizadeh T, Farahani MN, Shahraray M, Alizadegan S. The relationship between self-esteem and locus of control with infertility related stress of no related infertile men and women. J Reprod Infertil 2005; 6(2):194-204. (In Persian) Link
29. Gilbert P, Allan S. The role of defeat and entrapment (arrested flight) in depression: an exploration of an evolutionary view. Psychol Med 1998; 28(3):585-98. DOI: 10.1017/s0033291798006710 [DOI:10.1017/S0033291798006710]
30. Underwood LG, Teresi JA. The daily spiritual experience scale: development, theoretical description, reliability, exploratory factor analysis, and preliminary construct validity using health-related data. Ann Behav Med 2002; 24(1):22-33. DOI: 10.1207/S15324796ABM2401_04 [DOI:10.1207/S15324796ABM2401_04]
31. Taghavi M, Amiri H. Assess the psychometric properties of the questionnaire daily spiritual experiences. Quart J Islam Educ 2010; 5(1):151-62. Link
32. Asadi M. The effect of spiritual care based on «GHALBE SALIM» model on spiritual experiences of patients undergoing coronary artery bypass surgery. Iran J Cardiovasc Nurs 2013;2(2):30-9. (In Persian) Link
33. Sartipzadeh A, Ali-Akbari M, Tabaian R. Effectiveness of spirituality therapy on the resiliency of the elderly in Isfahan, Iran. J Res Behav Sci 2016; 14(1):56-63. (In Persian) Link
34. Charzyńska E. Multidimensional approach toward spiritual coping: construction and validation of the Spiritual Coping Questionnaire (SCQ). J Relig Health 2015; 54(5):1629-46. DOI: 10.1007/s10943-014-9892-5 [DOI:10.1007/s10943-014-9892-5]
35. Simoni M, Nieschlag E, Gromoll J. Isoforms and single nucleotide polymorphisms of the FSH receptor gene: implications for human reproduction. Hum Reprod Update 2002; 8(5):413-21. DOI: 10.1093/humupd/8.5.413 [DOI:10.1093/humupd/8.5.413]
36. Latifnejad Roudsari R, Allan H, Smith P. A qualitative inquiry into the mediating role of religion and spirituality in adjusting marital relationships of infertile women. J Midwifery Reprod Health 2013; 1(1):33-41. (In Persian) Link

Add your comments about this article : Your username or Email:
CAPTCHA

Send email to the article author


Rights and permissions
Creative Commons License This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

© 2025 CC BY-NC 4.0 | Health, Spirituality and Medical Ethics

Designed & Developed by : Yektaweb